IRS Form 990
also known as: Form 990 · 990 filing · Return of Organization Exempt From Income Tax
The annual information return that most tax-exempt nonprofits must file with the IRS, disclosing finances, governance, and programs.
IRS Form 990 — officially the "Return of Organization Exempt From Income Tax" — is the annual filing that most 501(c) tax-exempt organizations must submit to the IRS. Because nonprofits pay no federal income tax, Form 990 is the public's primary window into how they raise and spend money.
The core return reports total revenue, total expenses, net income, total assets and liabilities, the organization's mission, program service accomplishments, and the compensation of officers, directors, and key employees. Larger organizations attach schedules with more detail — Schedule H (hospital community benefit), Schedule J (executive compensation), Schedule I (grants made), and Schedule R (related organizations), among others.
Form 990 is a public document: once filed, anyone can read it. That transparency is the trade-off for tax exemption. Smaller organizations may file the shorter Form 990-EZ or the 990-N "e-postcard," while private foundations file Form 990-PF.
990Health ingests Form 990 data for nonprofit hospitals, health systems, and clinics, structuring the raw filings into searchable revenue, compensation, and community-benefit data.
EXAMPLE
A nonprofit hospital with $1.2B in revenue files a full Form 990 plus Schedule H (community benefit) and Schedule J (executive pay) each year.